Portable derrick.



A. PICK.

PQRTABLE DERRICK. APPLICATION msu 11111126. 1915.

1,198,656. Patentedsept. 19,1916.

4 sums-sum 1. 66

A TTOH/VE Y A. PICK.

PORTABLE DERRICK.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 26. 1915.

1,1 98,656. Patented sept.. '19, 1916.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

wl 44 37 um lnmil` A TTUHIVEY A. PICK.

PORTABLE DERRICK.

APPLICATION man mw26.1915.

t .dSe t. 19, 1916. 1,198,656-

` mg/E Tof? A THNEY UNTED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ALFRED PICK, or EW YORK, N. Y.

PORTABLE DERRICK.

Speccation of Letters Patent. Patenfd Sept. 19, 1916.

Original application led November 10, 1914, Serial No. 871,220. Divided and thisapplication led May ventedcertain new and useful Improvements in Portable Derricks, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the equipment and for supporting the preferv ably telescopic collapsible mast upon the vetherefor.

accompanying drawings, forming a part thereof.

In my copending application Serial No. 871,220, filed November 10, 1914, of which this application is a division, I have set forth and described an earth drilling engine.

My present invention relates to portable derrlcks and has special reference to such earth drilling machines as are adapted to be used as a portable derrick.

One object of my invention is to provide a compact machine of the character above indicated that shall be arranged for self-propulsion so it may be conveyed from one field to another.

Another object is to provide a collapsible mast for a derrick of the aforesaid character. f

Still another object is toprovide for the ready manipulation. of the mast and its hicle of whlch it constitutes a part.

vOther objects and advantages of -my invention will be set forth hereinafter, and in order that my invention may be thoroughly understood, I will now proceed to describe the same in the following specification', and then point out the novel features thereof in appended claims.

Referring to the drawings: Figure 1 is a side elevation of a drilling apparatus which may be utilized as a portable derrick and which isarranged and constructed in accordance with my invention. Fig. 2 is a front elevation of the machine with the mast partially collapsedfthe mast alone being shown extended but broken away between joints in Fig. 3. Fig. 4 is a partially sectional transverseV elevation throughl the intermediate portion of the .vehicle showing the .winding drums and the driving mechanism The method of connecting the mast to the vehicle and the hand winch details are shown in Fig. 5. Fig: 6 is a sec- Serial N0. 30,496.

tional plan view on theline 6 6 of Fig-5,

4and Fig. 7 is a side elevation of the same parts. Fig. 8 is a partially sectional plan View ofthe winding drums and the driving mechanism. Details of the mast are shown on a larger scale in Figs. 9, 10, 11 and 12, Figs. l1 and-12 being ysectional views taken on the lines 11K-11 and 12-12 of Fig. 9. Fig. 13l is a sectionaldetail of Ione of the tower elevating drums.

The specific structure set forth in the drawingsis intended merely to be illustrative of one embodiment of my inventionand it is obvious that other structures may be produced within the spirit and scope of my invention, and I intend thatonly such limitationsbe imposed as are indicated in the appended claims.

While I have illustrated a drilling machine,'it is vobviously capable of use as a portable derrick and my present invention isA principally concerned with the derick apartl from the drilling mechanism.

The structure illustrated comprises, in general, a motor truck having a longitudinal shaft, a transverse vehicle driving shaft suitably coupled thereto, an internal combustion engine arranged to drive the longitudinal .shaft and located at the rear, suitable trans- \Wl1en in use the mastis extended and supports the forward end of the vehicle, the rear ofthe vehicle being elevated so that the` d cables from the drums may extend.: at-right angles to their axes onto sheaves which are provided near the top of the mast.

The machine. as shown in Fig. 1, is

adapted4 for drilling. The vehicle frame is securely attached to the mast and the ar- .g rangement is such that when the machine isA noperating yand drilling,l the vehicle is maintained'in a stationary position, one end resting on the mast, the other on suitable supports, so that stability of the machine is insured. Furthermore, the weight of the vehicle assists materially in holding the mast securely to the ground and in position, it being also secured by suitable guy wires.

Like characters of reference designate corresponding parts in all the figures.

In the drawings,20 designates a vehicle frame, 21 the. wheels, 22 the motor and attachments which are at the rear of the vehicle, 23 a steering Wheel and 24 a fuel tank. The motor is connected to a longitudinal shaft 27. This shaft is operatively connected to a two-section'transverse shaft 29 having removable pinions 30 at its respective ends. When the vehicle is being propelled from one field to another these pinions are in mesh with gear wheels 25 having sprockets 26 which are coupled to the rear wheels 21 by chains 31.

When the apparatus is used for drilling and is set in position as shown in Fig. 1, the pinions 30 are removed (being replaced by small hoisting drums as hereinafter set forth), and the shaft 29 is connected by a jaw clutch 32 and beveled gears 33 to a longitudinal shaft 34. 36 designates the drilling crank which is secured to the front end of the shaft 34, and 37 is a bull wheel which is rotatably mounted-on the shaft 34 and may be operatively connected thereto by a clutch 38. Mounted above and a little to one sideiof the bull wheel is a shaft 39, on which a sand line reel 40 is rotatably mounted. The shaft is operatively connected to the shaft 34 by gears 4243-44, the idler gear 43 being arranged to be thrown out of mesh with the gears 42-44. Y

The arrangement of connections and clutches is such that, when the Amain -jaw clutch 32 is released and the pinions 30 are secured in position, the motor is adapted to drive the vehicle inthe ordinary manner, the drilling apparatus being entirely disconnected. When it is desired to use the drilling apparatus, the pinions 30 are removed as above indicated and the clutch 32 set, thereby operatively connecting the motor to the forward longitudinal shaft section 34. The drilling crank is now operated and either of the reels 37 or 40 may be operated according as the clutch 38 or idler 43 are set. The operation of the drilling machine is governed just as the vehicle is governed in operation. Mounted in guide brackets 45 near the front end of the vehicle are a pair of uprights 46, which support at their upper ends trunnions 47 extending from lopposite sides, of the lower section 48 of the mast. In addition to the lower section 48 the mast comprises an intermediate section 49 and top section 50. The section 48 comprises a pair of side stays 52, and a pair of horizontal I beams 53 near its lower end. Cross-stays 52 are disposed so as not to interfere with the.

telescoping of the sections, the intermediate section 49 being constructed of side channels 54 which are slightly smaller than, and are adapted to nest with the channels 51, as clearly shown in Fig. 11. Since the sides of the mast taper (being relatively close togetherat the top) the sections are adapted to fit one into the other when the mast is fully extended but fall freely one' within the other when the mast is collapsed.v Thertop section is similar'in construction to the lower sections and has side channels 55 which are slightly smaller than the Sections 54. 3

Mounted near the upper end of the lower section is a drilling sheave 56 which is adapted to be longitudinally adjusted and fixed in any suitable position on a shaft 57. The shaft is rotatably mounted in bearings 58 which are in the form of brackets and are pivotally suspended from stationary fixtures 59 respectively secured to the channels 51.

The bearings have flange projections 60 which are adapted to be bolted or otherwise detachably secured to the same channels, the arrangement being such that the flanges 60 may be detached and the sheave with its shaft swung out of the plane of the mast for the purpose of permitting the mast sections to be telescoped.

Secured to the lower corners of the intermediate section 49 are blocks 61; and elevating jack screws 62, which coperate with blocks or nuts 63, and are removably secured to the channels 51 of the lower section, the arrangement being such that when the intermediate section is raised almost into its locking position with the lower section, the elevating jack screws may be placed in position and act against the blocks 61 in forcing the intermediate section firmly into place. When once the sections are in position they are secured by bolts 64.

The top section is provided with a sand line reel pulley 65 and a crown pulley 66. The bottom section of the mast is furthermore provided with a pulley or sheave 67 which is utilized in raising the mast after it has been swung to an upright position. The brackets 45, near the front 'corners of the frame 20have downwardly extending projections 201 which support pulleys 21. These pulleys act as guides for ropes or cables which are utilized for swinging the mast to an upright position and extend from the bottom ends of the masty channels, under the pulleys and onto the hoisting drums 35.

The arms 46 permit the mast when collapsed to be swung into a horizontal posiracks 73 formed in the slots 74 and affixed to the shaft beyond each pinion is an actuating lever 71. The shaft is longitudinally i adjustable, the arrangement of parts being such that by turning the shaft in the position shown with the gearsl in mesh, the mast may be lowered until it reaches the ground.

Pivotally mounted in thebrackets 45l which are hollow, are pawls 46"l which are adapted torengage the teeth of the racks j 73 and hold the arms 46 in any position to which they may be adjusted. Secured to the shaft 70 is a hand winch drum 7()a which is utilized for handling drilling bits as for example when a bit is removed and repointed or replaced by a sharp bit.l To 'utilize this drum the shaft is adjusted to throw the pinions 72 out of mesh with the racks 73 and in this position the parts of a ratchet and pawl 69 are incoperative relation.

As clearly shown in Figs. 4 and 8 differential gearing having means to lock the differential is utilized. The lock shown at 93, when set, locks the differential so that it cannot act for its intended purpose. It may be adjusted at will and has a number of important advantages vsome of which maybe illustrated as follows: When the vehicle is touring on the road the differential is operative for well known reasons, but if one wheel should slip in the mud the other will stall and render progress impossible unless the differential is locked. When the engine is driving the drilling mechanism, which is coupled to only one shaft section, the differential is locked, but on the other hand when the mast is being lowered or raised by the two hoisting drums 35, the differential action is desirable to equalize the pulls on the cables or ropes. The differential may be locked as desired to use one of the drums independently of` the. other.

The machine is utilized as follows: Assuming that the vehicle is in running condition with the wheels 21 on the roadway, the pinions 30 in position as shown in Fig. 4, the lclutch 32 released to disconnect the drilling apparatus, and the tower collapsed as shown in Fig. 2, and swung into the position shown in'dotted lines in Fig. 1, the vehicle is mobile and may be operated as any motor truck to a new field where it is desired to drill. When the desired location is reached the plnions 30 are first removed to disconnect the shaft 29 from the traction wheels, then the small hoisting ed in place of thel p1nions. Next the mast drums 35 are mountis elevated by being swung-about the trunnions 47 as pivots into a substantially upright position, as shown in Fig. 2. The bottom ends of the mast channels are now a short distance above the ground and the levers 7l are 4used for lowering the mast step by step, the pawls 46a holding the mast at each step until a new hold is secured on the shaft 70 by the levers 71 which act as ratchet wrenches. When the `mast is set in position and the front end of the truck is raised thus resting on the mast, it is braced relative to the vehicle .frame by meansof braces 75v (see Fig. 1).' The elevation of the mast is accomplished as hereinbefore set forth by attaching ropes or cables to the` bottom ends of the side beams, passing them under the guide pulleys 21a and winding them on the drums 35 which are^ operated by the engine.v The differential' gearing is active and serves under these conditions to equalize the pulls -on the ropes. Ropes or cables from the drums 35 are next passed under the pulleys 21a and over the sheave 67 and are hooked onto the lower end of the top section of the mast which is next raised by operating the engine until .it is possible to place the yelevating blocks 63 and jack screws 62 in position o n the intermediate section, below the bottom end of the top section. By turning the screws 62 the top section is forced into place as `already set forth and the two sections are then bolted together. The top and intermediate sections are now elevated together, the ropes being passed over the sheave 67 and hooked onto the lower end of the intermediate section. The extended mast is secured loosely by-guy cables or wires 76. The front end of the vehicle is next raised off the ground by means of a screw 77, thecrank shaft 70 being adjusted longitudinally to free the pinions 72 from the racks 7 3. The screw 77 is attached to thel cross-beam 53 of the mast and extends between the cross-stays 78 forming parts of the Vehicle frame. Thevrear of tlie vehicle is jacked up and is supported by blocks- 80 and 81 in such position and at such i axis of the drilling crank is radial relative to the hole being drilled and in consequence the crank can be and is located close t0 the mast at the-point where the frame of the machine is attached thereto, while the greater'part of the weight of the machine is The apparatus is now in the position at a distance from said point of attachment. rIhis arrangement very materially reduces shakingand vibration of the machine since the crank which tends to vibrate the machine about the point of attachment to the masthas small leverage while the weight which opposes the vibration has a relatively great leverage.

Attention is further directed to the fact that the parts of the mast are firmly wedged together when the mast is extended, by reason of their tapered form and consequently the mast is particularly rigid".

The motor is operated and the clutches 26 and 32 set, thereby driving the drilling crankby the engine. The speed of the drilling crank may be governed just as the vehicle speed is ordinarily cont-rolled.

What I claim is:

1. A collapsible drilling mast comprising a bottom section havin a drilling sheave, and means for. adjusta ly supporting the drilling sheave to permit it to be swung outwardly, and a top sect-ion having a sand line pulley and a crown pulley and adapted to telescope within the bottom section.

2. A collapsible drilling mast comprising inclined side beams, a transverse shaft and brackets therefor pivotally connected to the mast and a drilling sheave secured to the shaft and adapted to be swung outwardly with its shaft to permit the tower to collapse.

3. The combination with a substantially horizontal frame, having a pair of vertically adjustable uprights near one end of a drilling mast pivotally supported near the upper ends of the uprights and adapted to be swung into a substantially vertical position when in use.

4. The combination with a substantially horizontal frame having a pair of guide brackets near one end, and uprights vertically adjustable in said guide brackets, of a drilling mast pivotally supported near the upper ends of the uprights, the mast being adapted to be swunginto a substantially vertical position and `set on the ground when muse. d

5. The combination with la substantially horizontal frame having a pair of guide brackets near one end, a pair of arms adjustably mounted in said bracketsand having a vertical rack, a transverse shaft rotatably mounted in said brackets and having pinions adapted to mesh with the teeth of the racks, and means for turning the shaft to adjust the posit-ions of the uprights, of a drilling mast pivotally supported near the upper ends of the arms and adapted to be swung in a .substantially Avertical position with one end on the ground when in'- use, said frame beingv adapted to be raised oi the ground and supported on the mast.

6. The combination with a vehicle having a substantially horizontal frame, a pair of ently.

brackets near one end of the frame and uprights adjustably mounted in the brackets, of a drilling mast pivotally supported near the upper ends of the uprights, and means for swinging the mast into a substantially vertical position and setting it on the ground.

7. The combination with a vehicle having a substantially horizontal frame, a pair of brackets near one end of the frame and uprights adjustably mounted in the brackets, of a drilling mast pivotally supported near the upper ends of the uprights, and means for swinging `the mast into a substantially vertical position and setting it on the ground, and means for adjusting the frame relative to the mast to transfer the weight from the ground to the mast.

8. The combination with a vehicle having a propelling motor, a transverse driving shaft, and a driving gear removably mounted thereon, of a drilling mast pivotally supported near one end of the vehicle frame, a sheave on said mast, and a hoisting drum adapted to replace said removable gear and to cooperate with the sheave on said mast 'for hoisting purposes.

9. ln a drilling machine, a vehicle frame, a mast pivotally supported thereon, an engine, a transverse driving shaft, means for coupling the driving shaft to the vehicle wheels, a pair of hoisting drums adapted to be mounted on the driving shaft at its respective ends and diiiierential gearing for the driving shaft adapted to equalize the power transmitted at the respective ends of the driving shaft, and means for locking the diiderential gearing whereby either of the hoisting drums may be utilized independ- 10. A telescopic mast 'for a drilling machine comprising a pair of inclined channel beams secured together in the form of a tapering boX beam and constituting a bottom section and other sections of similar construction but of smaller size nested one within the other and within the bottom section whereby the parts of the mast, when extended,-are wedged together.

11. A telescopic mast for a drilling machine comprising a pair of inclined channel beams secured together in the form of a tapering boX beam and constituting a bottom section and other sections of similar construction but of smaller size nested one within the other and within the bottom section, and removable means for forcing the sec-- tions into final position in which they are wedged to'gether when the mast is extended.

. 12. A telescopic mast for a drilling ma` bracketsv pivotally supported near the top of the bottom section, and a drilling sheave rotatably mounted in said brackets and adapted to be either secured in position with its axis nearv the mast or swung outwardly on l the pivotal bracket to permit the telescoping of the mast.

13. A telescopic mast for a drilling machine comprising a pair of inclined channel beams secured together in the form of a tapering box beam and constituting a bottom section and other sections of similar construction` but of smaller size nested one within the other and within the bottom section, a crown pulley mounted at the top of the mast and a drilling sheave mounted near the top of the bottom section and means for permitting the adjustment of the drilling sheave into and out of the plane of the mast.

14. A telescopic mast for a drilling ma'- chine comprising a pair of inclined channel beams secured together in the form of a tapering box beam and constituting a bottom section and other sections of similar construction but of smaller size nested one within the other and within the bottom section and removable means for forcing the sections into inal position when the mast is extended, and brackets pivotally supported near thev top of the bottom section and a drilling sheave lrotatably mounted in said brackets and adapted to be either secured in and removable lmeans for forcing thefsec tions into final position when the mast is extended, a crown pulley mounted at the top of the mast and a drilling sheave mounted near the top of the bottom section and means for permitting the adjustment ofthe drilling sheave into and out of the plane of the mast. l i

16. -The combinationl with*l a vehicle having a propelling motor, a transverse driving shaft, and-driving gears removably mounted thereon, of a drilling mast pivotally supported near one end of the vehicle frame, rope guiding means on said mast, and a pair of hoistingdrums adapted to replace said removable gear and to coperate with the rope guiding means on'said mast for hoistmg purposes. h t

'In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this 20th day of May, 1915.

t ALFRED P10K. 

